DIGESTION AND ABSORPTION MCQ FOR NEET BIOLOGY
Digestion and absorption are important processes in the human body. Digestion starts in the mouth, where food is broken down by chewing and saliva. This process continues in the stomach, where strong acids and enzymes break down proteins. The food, now called chyme, moves into the small intestine. Here, digestive juices from the pancreas and bile from the liver further break down the nutrients.
Absorption happens mainly in the small intestine. Tiny hair-like structures called villi help absorb nutrients into the blood. Simple sugars, amino acids and fatty acids pass through the intestinal walls into the bloodstream. Water and minerals are also absorbed. The remaining undigested food moves into the large intestine, where water is absorbed and waste is formed. This waste is eventually excreted from the body. Understanding these processes is important for NEET students, as they are key topics in human physiology.
| NEET 2025 Exam Important Links | |
|---|---|
| NEET 2025 Updated Syllabus | NEET Eligibility Criteria 2025 |
| Biology Preparation | Chemistry NEET Preparation |
| NEET Preparation tips for 2025 | NEET Result 2024 |
DIGESTION AND ABSORPTION MCQ FOR NEET
Q1. The process of digestion in our digestive system involves
A) conversion of complex substances into simpler form
B) absorption of monomers by the body
C) conversion of monomers into polymers
D) absorption of water and food
Answer. A
explanation: (a) Digestion involves the breakdown of complex organic substances of food like
carbohydrates, proteins and fats (macronutrients) into simple, soluble inorganic substances. This
enables easy absorption of nutrients.
Q2. Refer to the figure given below.
Select the option which correctly identifies A, B, C, D and E.
Select the option which correctly identifies A, B, C, D and E.
A) A - Parotid gland, B - Pancreas, C - Gall bladder, D Stomach, E - Anus
B) A - Parotid gland, B - Liver, C - Pancreas, D - Stomach, \(\mathrm{E}\) - Anus
C) A - Parotid gland, B - Liver, c - Gall bladder, D - Pancreas, E - Rectum
D) A - Parotid gland, B - Gall bladder, C - Pancreas, D Stomach, E- Rectum
Answer. C
Q3. A baby boy aged two years is admitted to play school and passes through a dental checkup. The
dentist observed that the boy had twenty teeth. Which teeth were absent ?
NEET 2017
A) Incisors
B) Canines
C) Premolars
D) Molars
Answer. C
Explanation: (c) In human beings, after birth, the first set of teeth that develops are deciduous teeth
or temporary teeth. The dental formula of a child is \( 2102 / 2102 \).
Thus, they have 2 incisors, 1 canine, 0 premolars and 2 molars. Therefore, the baby boy would not have premolars.
Thus, they have 2 incisors, 1 canine, 0 premolars and 2 molars. Therefore, the baby boy would not have premolars.
Q4. The primary dentition in human differs from permanent dentition not having one of the
following type of teeth.
CBSE-AIPMT 2015
A) Canine
B) Premolar
C) Molar
D) Incisor
Answer. B
Q5. All the listed components of food are required in major quantity except
A) vitamins
B) carbohydrates
C) proteins
D) fats
Answer. A
Explanation: (a) Food is one of the basic requirements of all living organisms. The major components of
food are carbohydrates, proteins and fats. Vitamins and minerals are also required but in small
quantities.
Q6. Digestion in the digestive system of humans is accomplished by
A) mechanical and chemical processes
B) chemical processes only
C) mechanical processes only
D) None of the above
Answer. A
Explanation: (a) Process of digestion is carried out by mechanical and chemical means. Mastication of
food and swallowing the masticated food are the two major mechanical functions of the buccal cavity.
Masticated food is partially digested by salivary amylase and gets transformed into bolus.
It is transferred to the pharynx and then to oesophagus by deglutition. Finally, it reaches into the stomach for chemical digestion, which is carried out by various enzymes.
It is transferred to the pharynx and then to oesophagus by deglutition. Finally, it reaches into the stomach for chemical digestion, which is carried out by various enzymes.
Q7. Which one of the following terms describes human dentition ?
NEET 2018
A) Pleurodont, Monophyodont, Homodont
B) Thecodont, Diphyodont, Heterodont
C) Thecodont, Diphyodont, Homodont
D) Pleurodont, Diphyodont, Heterodont
Answer. B
Explanation: (b) The terms, thecodont, diphyodont and heterodont describe human dentition. In humans,
two types of teeth are found, milk or deciduous teeth and permanent teeth. Thus, they are diphyodont.
The teeth are remain embedded in the sockets of the jaw bones and hence are thecodont. Humans have four
types of teeth; incisors, canine, premolars and molars, i.e. they have heterodont teeth.
Q8. The hard chewing surface of teeth is made up of
A) dentine
B) enamel
C) teeth
D) bone
Answer. B
Explanation: (b) A tooth consists of three regions, i.e. crown, neck and root. The exposed part, i.e.
the crown is surrounded by the hardest material of the body called enamel and which serves as the hard
chewing surface.
Q9. Frenulum is
A) the fold by which tongue is attached to the floor of oral cavity
B) an adenoid present on pharyngeal wall
C) a tonsil-like structure on the lateral walls of palate
D) a V-shaped furrow which divides the surface of tongue
Answer. A
Explanation: (a) Frenulum is the tissue fold by which the tongue, a freely movable muscular organ is
attached to the floor of the oral cavity.
Q10. Which one serves as a passage for both food and air ?
A) Larynx
B) Pharynx
C) Gullet
D) Glottis
Answer. B
Enhance your preparation with Arexiq’s Mock Test Series where we provide solutions to various MCQs like we provide in this post “Digestion and Absorption MCQ for NEET”. Our expert teachers explain the concepts thoroughly, making it easy for you to understand. We offer many types of questions ensuring a clear grasp of concepts.
FAQs
- What is digestion?
Answer. Digestion is the process of breaking down food into smaller, absorbable components like simple sugars, amino acids, and fatty acids.
- Where does digestion begin?
Answer.Digestion begins in the mouth, where food is chewed and mixed with saliva.
- What role does the stomach play in digestion?
Answer. The stomach secretes acids and enzymes that break down proteins into smaller peptides and amino acids.
- What are the main digestive enzymes and their functions?
Answer. Amylase (breaks down carbohydrates), pepsin (breaks down proteins in the stomach), lipase (breaks down fats in the small intestine).
- How does the small intestine aid in digestion and absorption?
Answer. The small intestine is where most digestion and absorption occur, aided by enzymes from the pancreas and bile from the liver.
- What are villi and what is their function?
Answer. Villi are tiny hair-like structures in the small intestine that increase the surface area for nutrient absorption.
- What happens to nutrients after they are absorbed?
Answer. Absorbed nutrients enter the bloodstream and are transported to various cells in the body for energy, growth, and repair.
- What is the role of bile in digestion?
Answer. Bile, produced by the liver and stored in the gallbladder, helps emulsify fats, making them easier to digest by lipase.
- How is water absorbed in the digestive system?
Answer. Water is primarily absorbed in the small and large intestines.
- What happens to undigested food?
Answer. Undigested food moves into the large intestine, where water is absorbed, and the remaining material is formed into feces to be excreted.
- What is the importance of digestion and absorption in maintaining health?
Answer. Proper digestion and absorption are essential for providing the body with the necessary nutrients for energy, growth, and repair.
- What is the significance of understanding digestion and absorption for NEET?Answer. Knowledge of digestion and absorption is crucial for NEET as it forms a fundamental part of human physiology, which is extensively tested in the exam.
