CELL CYCLE AND CELL DIVISION NEET MCQ FOR BIOLOGY

The cell cycle is a series of stages that a cell goes through to grow, replicate its DNA and divide. It consists of interphase and the mitotic phase. Interphase is further divided into three phases: G1 (cell growth), S (DNA synthesis) and G2 (preparation for mitosis).

During interphase, the cell grows and duplicates its genetic material. The mitotic phase includes mitosis, where the replicated chromosomes are evenly divided into two nuclei and cytokinesis, resulting in two daughter cells. This cycle ensures that each daughter cell receives an exact copy of the parent cell’s DNA, maintaining genetic consistency.

Cell division is an important process for growth, development and repair in multicellular organisms. In mitosis, the nucleus of a cell divides to form two identical nuclei. It comprises several stages: prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase. During cytokinesis, the cell’s cytoplasm divides, forming two distinct cells.

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CELL CYCLE AND CELL DIVISION NEET MCQ FOR BIOLOGY

The study of the cell cycle and cell division is paramount in the NEET syllabus because it forms the foundation of understanding cellular processes and overall organismal growth and development.

Moreover, the cell cycle and cell division are critical for understanding the pathophysiology of diseases such as cancer, which is characterized by uncontrolled cell division. By studying these topics, students can appreciate how normal regulatory mechanisms prevent errors during cell division and how their failure can lead to disease.

MCQs FOR NEET

Q1. The sequence of events by which a cell duplicates its genome, synthesises the other constituents of the cell and eventually divides into two daughter cells is termed as

A) cell division

B) cell cycle

C) cell growth

D) cell duplication

Answer. B

Q2. Cell growth is a continuous process in terms of

A) cytoplasmic increase

B) increase in DNA content

C) increase in protein content

D) increase in total cellular contents

Answer. A

Q3. During cell cycle, the DNA synthesis occurs how many times?

A) All the time

B) Once

C) Twice

D) Many times

Answer. B

Explanation: (b) During cell cycle, DNA synthesis occurs only once, i.e. during synthetic (S) phase. In this phase, the amount of DNA per cell gets doubled.

Q4. The cell cycle of mammalian cell and yeast, respectively, takes about

A) \(24 \mathrm{~hrs}, 90 \mathrm{~min}\)

B) \(60 \mathrm{~min} \ \text{each}\)

C) \(30 \mathrm{~min}, 24 \mathrm{~days}\)

D) \(90 \mathrm{~min}, 24 \mathrm{~hrs}\)

Answer. A

Explanation: (a) Duration of the cell cycle, for mammalian cell is \( 24 \mathrm{hrs} \). The cell cycle of yeast occurs in about \( 90 \mathrm{~min} \). It is the period between two successive cell divisions and is called as generation time. It depends on the type of cell and external factors such as temperature, food and oxygen supplies.

Q5. Two basic stages of cell cycle are

A) interphase and M-phase/divisional phase

B) karyokinesis and cytokinesis

C) prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase

D) \(G_{1}\), \(S\) and \(G_{2}\) -phases

Answer. A

Explanation: (a) Cell cycle consists of two basic stages. There is a long non-dividing stage called interphase where the cell prepares for division and a short dividing stage called M-phase/divisional phase.

Q6. The interphase is divided into three phases, namely

A) \(G_{1}\) -phase, M -phase and \(G_{2}\) -phase

B) M-phase, S-phase and divisional phase

C) \(G_{1}\) -phase, synthesis phase and \(G_{2}\) -phase

D) M-phase, \(G_{2}\) -phase and divisional phase

Answer. C

Explanation: (c) Interphase is divided into three phases, namely first gap or \( \mathrm{G}_{1} \)-phase, synthetic or S-phase and second gap or \( \mathrm{G}_{2} \)-phase. It involves series of changes which occur in a newly formed cell and its nucleus, before it becomes capable of dividing again.

Q7. What is the approximate percentage duration of cell cycle that comes under interphase in humans?

A) 100 %

B) 95 %

C) 25 %

D) 5 %

Answer. B

Explanation: (b) In an average \( 24 \mathrm{hrs} \) duration of cell cycle, interphase lasts more than \( 95 \% \) of the total duration, while cell division (M-phase) completes in about an hour only.

Q8. In M-phase, the division of nucleus is called as

A) cytokinesis

B) karyokinesis

C) nucleokinesis

D) diakinesis

Answer. B

Q9. In M-phase, the division of cytoplasm is

A) cytokinesis

B) cytodivision

C) diakinesis

D) None of these

Answer. A

Q10. In which phase of cell cycle, DNA content gets doubled?

A) Interphase

B) Anaphase

c) Prophase

D) Telophase

Answer. A

Explanation: (a) Interphase is divided into \( \mathrm{G}_{1}, \mathrm{~S} \) and \( \mathrm{G}_{2} \)-phases, out of which in S-phase, duplication of chromosomal material occurs. Thus, DNA content gets doubled in the S-phase of interphase.

Enhance your preparation with Arexiq’s Mock Test Series where we provide solutions to various MCQs like we provide in this post “Cell Cycle and Cell Division NEET MCQ”. Our expert teachers explain the concepts thoroughly, making it easy for you to understand. We offer many types of questions ensuring a clear grasp of concepts.

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FAQs CELL CYCLE AND CELL DIVISION

What are the main phases of the cell cycle?

Answer. The cell cycle consists of interphase (G1, S, and G2 phases) and the mitotic phase (mitosis and cytokinesis).

2. What happens during the S phase of interphase?

Answer. During the S phase, DNA replication occurs, resulting in the duplication of the cell’s genetic material.

3. What is the significance of mitosis?

Answer. Mitosis ensures that each daughter cell receives an identical set of chromosomes, which is crucial for maintaining genetic consistency.

4. How is cytokinesis different from mitosis?

Answer. Mitosis involves the division of the nucleus, while cytokinesis involves the division of the cell’s cytoplasm, resulting in two separate daughter cells.

CELL CYCLE AND CELL DIVISION NEET MCQ FOR BIOLOGY

CELL CYCLE AND CELL DIVISION NEET MCQ FOR BIOLOGY

MCQs FOR NEET

FAQs CELL CYCLE AND CELL DIVISION

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